Pdf the influence of sv40 polya on gene expression of. Sv40 lt cterminal region increases viral gene expression in monkey and human cells. Dec 21, 2018 the formalin inactivation process used to kill the poliovirus was found not to inactivate the sv40 completely. These findings were supported by the isolation of infectious sv40 from a choroid plexus tumor. In combination with shuttle vectors containing the sv40 ori, hek293t cells are routinely. During the past 4 years, polymerase chain reaction pcr assays have detected dna sequences related to sv40 an oncogenic simian polyomavirus in a variety of human tissues, especially choroid plexus tumors, ependymomas, mesotheliomas, and osteosarcomas 17. Constitutive expression of cloned dna inserts from sv40 promoter in mammalian cells. Simian virus 40 sv40 is a member of the polyomaviridae family and infects several species of monkey, however infection is predominantly asymptomatic. Whether sv40 is a human infectious agent that might play a role in human neoplastic disease was also discussed. In the baculovirus prototype autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus acmnpv, the polyhedrin promoter very late promoter transcribes its gene by a viral rna polymerase therefore there is no supporting. Pdf most gene therapy approaches employ viral vectors for gene delivery.
Simian virus 40 sv40 is a small, double stranded dna virus that was discovered as a contaminant of inactivated polio vaccines. Sv40 promoter for highlevel constitutive expression of your gene of interest cmv promoter for highlevel constitutive expression of the cycle 3 gfpzeocin fusion sv40 origin for episomal replication and simple vector rescue in cell lines expressing the sv40 large t antigen. Gene transfer to the rhesus monkey brain using sv40derived. Study tests hypothesis that empty sv40 capsids would. Sv40 induces a lytic infection cycle in permissive cells. Generation of a verobased packaging cell line to produce sv40. A few years later, the source of monkeys used for production was changed to species that do not harbor sv40. Sv40 is a polyoma virus that naturally infects rhesus macaques. Simian virus 40 vectors for pulmonary gene therapy. Vectors bicistronically linking a gene of interest to the.
Testing of retroviral vector based human gene therapy products for replication competent retrovirus during product manufacture and patient followup, draft guidance, cber, biologics. Svluc used in these studies has been tested at least twice for the presence of. A new packaging cell line for sv40 vectors that eliminates. Sv40 as an effective gene transfer vector in vivo journal of. Sv40 t antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry or western blot analysis. Gene transfer to central nervous system cns has been approached using various vectors. Polio vaccines used in the late 1950s and early 1960s were contaminated with a virus called simian virus 40 sv40 present in monkey kidney cells used to grow the vaccine. Nov 26, 2015 this recombinant dna technology lecture is to explain about the properties of mammalian expression vector and the details of the construction of mammalian expression vector. It was discovered in the early 1960s as a contaminant in.
Thus, it was of considerable interest to test whether. In this study, two families of oncolytic herpes simplex virus vectors g207 and nv1020. Total dna concentration was held constant using carrier dna. Episomal replication in cells lines that are latently infected with sv40 or that express the sv40 large t antigen e. We will email to confirm that your organization can accept shipments. However, since 293t cells did not amplify recombinant viruses as well as the simian cell lines tested see below, we used cos1 cells to standardize rsv40 virus. Its genome has ds circular dna wrapped up as nucleosome with the help of histone proteins. Use of sv40based vectors to transduce foreign genes to. This recombinant dna technology lecture is to explain about the properties of mammalian expression vector and the details of the construction of mammalian expression vector. This work examines the feasibility of applying simian virus 40 sv40 vectors for pulmonary gene therapy. Recombinant sv40derived vectors rsv40s transduce human neurons and microglia effectively in vitro and in. In conclusion, sv40 intron is a potent strong intron element that increases transgene expression, which can readily be used to more efficient. Ptracersv40 is a cho expression vector that uses sv40 promotor and encodes green fluorescence protein g fp.
Like other polyomaviruses, sv40 is a dna virus that has the potential to cause tumors. Some oral poliovirus vaccines were contaminated with. Here, we demonstrate that addition of m6a to mrnas encoded by the prototypic polyomavirus sv40 increases both viral structural protein expression and viral spread. Jul 16, 2016 sv40 plasmids vectors can be packaged only if their dna is within the range of 3900 to 5300 bp. In the baculovirus prototype autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus acmnpv, the polyhedrin promoter very late promoter transcribes its gene by a viral rna polymerase. Targeting the sites of addition of m6a on sv40 mrnas, using mutagenesis, therefore reduces sv40 replication, and a drug that globally inhibits m6a addition has a similar effect. Expression ofhepatitis bantigens with a simian virus 40 vector.
Sv40 mrna was detected by in situ cytohybridization, and infectious sv40 was isolated from some tumor samples 12,14. More than 30 years of followup data were available. Progress is dependent upon representative preclinical models to evaluate therapy. Simian virus 40 sv40 is a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans.
Subsequently, investigators found sv40 dna in biopsy specimens obtained from patients with cancers such as mesothelioma lung, osteosarcoma bone and nonhodgkins lymphoma lymph nodes. Test for expression of your recombinant gene by western blot analysis or functional assay. The results showed that sv40 intron exhibited the highest transgene expression level among the. The influence of sv40 polya on gene expression of baculovirus. Epo protein was used to test the selected more strong intron. It has been assumed that all polio vaccines were sv40 free in the united states after 1961 and in other countries after 1962. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus vector therapy of breast. Sv40 is a small simian virus that has been extensively used as a viral vector in mammalian cells 1, 2, 3, 4.
Promega prl family of renilla luciferase control reporter. The longevity of a transgenes expression is a characteristic of the vehicle that is used to deliver that transgene. People with cancers who were born after sv40 was no longer a contaminant of the polio vaccine were found to have evidence for sv40 in their cancerous cells. The viral genome is a doublestranded supercoiled dna molecule of 5243 bp that is packaged into a capsid containing the viral structural proteins vp1,vp2, and vp3. Effect of peptone feeding on transient gene expression process in cho dg44 and kawakita, m. Sepsisinduced ards was established by cecal ligation double puncture 2clp. In this study, two families of oncolytic herpes simplex virus vectors g207 and nv1020 series that have been in clinical. Sv40 vector platform named svacpaves the way to clinically test a whole new. Sv40 plasmids vectors can be packaged only if their dna is within the range of 3900 to 5300 bp. The rationale for this approach was based on several important aspects of sv40 virus and its activity. Pcrs were performed to test for the presence of recombinant wildtype sv40 in rsvluc viral stocks.
Some polio vaccines prepared from 1954 to 1961 were contaminated with infectious sv40. Sv40 e sv40 large tantigen nuclear localization signal pr842523 published 22 april 2008 note. Sv40 intron, a potent strong intron element that effectively. Since 1961, manufacturers have been required to test for sv 40. Dec 18, 2002 sv40 t antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry or western blot analysis. The virus is consists of a nonenveloped virion with a. It was found in the inactivated salk polio vaccine and some experimental lots. An insertion vector possesses at least one unique restriction site into which new dna can be inserted. Gene transfer to the rhesus monkey brain using sv40. A mutated p53 gene may contribute to uncontrolled cellular proliferation, leading to a tumor. The virus was first isolated as a contaminant from a monkey kidney culture used for the production of poliovirus vaccine.
Apr 03, 2018 the current vector system differs from this cotransfection methodology in that the svlt is expressed on a vector bearing the sv40 ori, resulting in autoamplification, and the ires element assures that all cells receive both the gene of interest and the svlt. Its genome has ds circular dna wrapped up as nucleosome with the help of. Factors influencing the production of recombinant sv40 vectors. Recently, the institute of medicine of the national academies concluded that the biological evidence is strong that sv40 is a transforming virus and that the biological evidence is of moderate. Sv40 is an abbreviation for simian vacuolating virus 40 or simian virus 40, a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans. Consequently, we devised a gene transfer system based on simian virus40 sv40 1 as a vector. Vaccine ingredients sv40 childrens hospital of philadelphia. Factors influencing the production of recombinant sv40.
Also, the sv40 intron induced higher level of epo expression than ivs intron in transfected cho cell. Functions as an initiator protein to begin dna replication at the sv40 origin. Expression of hepatitis bantigens with simian virus 40 vector. Simian virus 40 sv40 belongs to polyoma viruses group. It was discovered in the early 1960s as a contaminant in rhesus monkey kidney cell cultures that were used in the production of polio vaccines.
Sv40 tag dna sequences, present in a small proportion of. Pdf factors influencing the production of recombinant sv40. Chat with customer service to check price, availability, delivery or order status. New associations of human papillomavirus, simian virus 40. The cterminal region of lt is required for efficient viral gene expression and replication in the african green monkey kidney agmk cv1p cell line. The current vector system differs from this cotransfection methodology in that the svlt is expressed on a vector bearing the sv40 ori, resulting in autoamplification, and the ires element assures that all cells receive both the gene of interest and the svlt. Following a who requirement that was prompted by the detection of sv40 in some human tumors, we conducted a multilaboratory study to test for. Restriction sites marked with an are in the same reading frame as pgbkt7.
Cho cells were transfected with a constant amount of pgl3 control vector expressing firefly luciferase 50ng and varying amounts 0100ng of the internal control vector, phrlsv40 expressing renillaluciferase. Sv40 vectors carrying the luciferase reporter gene svluc were administered intratracheally immediately after sepsis induction. Mcq on recombinant dna technology mcq biology learning. Sv40 binds the major histocompatibility complex class i mhc i at the cell surface. Sv40 is a small 40 nm nonenveloped dna virus in the polyomavirus family imperiale and major, 2007. What types of cells can be transduced, the fate of delivered genetic material within cells, and the duration of transgene expression are dependent on the vector. Transcription is initiated from the constitutive sv40 early promoter. An expression vector, otherwise known as an expression construct, is usually a plasmid or virus designed for protein expression in cells. Testing for sv40 in poliovirus vaccines european medicines agency. Sv40, we recently conducted a large, longterm retrospective followup study of birth cohorts exposed or unexposed to sv40 contaminated poliovirus vaccine strickler et al. Sv40 has not been present in any vaccine since 1963.
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus vectors are a promising strategy for cancer therapy, as direct cytotoxic agents, inducers of antitumor immune responses, and as expressers of anticancer genes. Testing of retroviral vectorbased human gene therapy. Simian virus 40 sv40, a possible human polyomavirus. Pbmc using two different sv40derived viral vectors. Emergent human pathogen simian virus 40 and its role in cancer. In conclusion, sv40 intron is a potent strong intron element that increases transgene expression, which can readily be used to more efficient transgenic protein production in cho cells. The sv40 host range mutant virus hr684 lacks the cterminal 24 residues of lt and has significantly reduced expression of early.
Thomas robertss lab contains the insert sv40 lt and is published in cancer cell. Sv40 was present in cancers of people who either had or had not received the polio vaccines that were contaminated with sv40. The major regulatory protein of sv40 virus, responsible for virion assembly, viral and cellular transcriptional regulation, viral dna replication, and alteration of the cell cycle. The vector is used to introduce a specific gene into a.
Sv40 infects a wide range of cell types from humans and other mammals, and expresses its genes in them. Insertional vectors a large segment of the nonessential region has been deleted, and the two arms ligated together. Simian virus 40 sv40 vectors are efficient vehicles for gene delivery to hematopoietic and hepatic cells. The tumors investigated included ependymoma, all brain cancers combined, osteosarcoma, and mesothelioma. Its genome is very small and can be easily modified for gene therapy purpose. Addition of m6a to sv40 late mrnas enhances viral structural. In a multiinstitutional study, several participating groups showed the reproducibility of detecting sv40 dna sequences in mesothelioma specimens.
Oct 18, 2012 expression of sv40 lt cterminus increases early and late viral gene levels. These vectors provide longterm transgene expression in both dividing and resting cells, both in vitro and in vivo. The psi vector contains the sv40 enhancer and early promoter region and is designed to promote constitutive expression of. Some lots of polio vaccines in the 1960s were discovered to contain sv40. Tag is capable of inducing malignant transformation of a variety of cell types. Recombinant sv40 derived vectors rsv40s transduce human neurons and microglia effectively in vitro and in. Is sv40 promoter the best promoter in 293t cell transfection. Cho cells were transfected with a constant amount of pgl3 control vector expressing firefly luciferase 50ng and varying amounts 0100ng of the internal control vector, phrl sv40 expressing renillaluciferase. The simian virus 40 polyadenylation signal sv40 polya has been routinely inserted downstream of the polyhedrin promoter in many baculovirus expression vector systems bevs.
The prl vectors are wildtype renilla luciferase control reporter vectors, which provide constitutive expression of renilla luciferase and can be used in combination with a firefly luciferase vector to cotransfect mammalian cells. The polyomavirus simian virus 40 sv40 is a potent dna tumor virus, and mounting evidence suggests that it is an emergent human pathogen 1, 10, 12, 39, 49, 50, 66, 111, 123. If sv40 dna sequences are present in choroid plexus tumors in children born many years after vaccines were sv40 free, the possibility that sv40 is present in the. Like other polyomaviruses, sv40 is a dna virus that has the potential to cause tumors in animals, but most often persists as a latent infection. Sv40 large t antigen simian vacuolating virus 40 tag is a hexamer protein that is a dominantacting oncoprotein derived from the polyomavirus sv40. The transforming activity of tag is due in large part to its perturbation of the retinoblastoma and p53 tumor suppressor proteins. A pair of primers was used to amplify 100 bp between the sv40 ep and the tag svep, 5. Genes encoding test proteins should be cloned, in the correct orientation and reading frame, into one of the unique restriction sites in the mcs region at the 3 end of the gal4 dnabd. Sv40 is believed to suppress the tumorsuppressing p53 in humans. Simian virus 40, a polyomavirus found in simians nonhuman primates, sv40 has no relationship to the human immunodeficiency virus hiv or to the simian immunodeficiency virus siv. Dec 14, 2015 the influence of sv40 polya on gene expression of baculovirus expression vector systems article pdf available in plos one 1012. In conclusion, sv40 intron is a potent strong intron element that increases transgene expression, which can readily be used to more ef. Sep 03, 2014 insertional vectors a large segment of the nonessential region has been deleted, and the two arms ligated together.
Vectors bicistronically linking a gene of interest to the sv40 large t. Following a who requirement that was prompted by the detection of sv40 in some human tumors, we conducted a multilaboratory study to test for sv40 polio vaccines prepared after 1961. The influence of sv40 polya on gene expression of baculovirus expression vector systems article pdf available in plos one 1012. Sv40, we recently conducted a large, longterm retrospective followup study of birth cohorts exposed or unexposed to sv40contaminated poliovirus vaccine strickler et al. Use of simian virus 40 replication to amplify epsteinbarr virus.
It is known that 293t constitutively express sv40 large t antigen, which can bind to sv40 enhancers. Since these small genomes do not have much dispensable dna, it is almost impossible to construct a functional vector with any added genes to it. Vectors based on recombinant sv40 viruses rsv40 are highly effective in delivering transgene expression driven by constitutive promoters. Durability of transgene expression and vector integration. Fortunately, functions provided by helper dna molecules might help to overcome these problems. The advantages of sv40 as a gene therapy vector can be explained by the sv40 replicative cycle.